EM radiation is classified into types according to the frequency of the wave: these types include, in order of increasing frequency, radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays and gamma rays.
What is electromagnetic waves Class 12 notes?
Electromagnetic (EM) waves are the waves which are in relation to both electricity and magnetism. These waves are basically coupled time varying electric and magnetic fields which propagate in space. As these are waves associated with electricity and magnetism, they definitely would propagate in space.
What is electromagnetic waves class 12th physics?
Electromagnetic waves are those waves in which electric and magnetic field vectors changes sinusoidally and are perpendicular to each other as well as at right angles to the direction of propagation of wave.
What are the important topics in electromagnetic waves?
Electromagnetic waves Topics Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics . Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic spectrum (microwaves, infrared, visible, radio waves, X-rays , ultraviolet, gamma rays). Applications of e.m. waves.
What are the properties of electromagnetic wave?
- transfer energy from one place to another;
- can be reflected;
- can be refracted .
What is the formula for electromagnetic waves?
If the frequency of oscillation of the charged particle is f, then it produces an electromagnetic wave with frequency f. The wavelength λ of this wave is given by λ = c/f. Electromagnetic waves transfer energy through space.
Is light an electromagnetic wave?
1. Light as a wave: Light can be described (modeled) as an electromagnetic wave. In this model, a changing electric field creates a changing magnetic field. This changing magnetic field then creates a changing electric field and BOOM – you have light.
What is K in wave equation?
k is the wavenumber. 𝜆 is the wavelength of the wave. Measured using rad/m.
Why infrared are called heat waves?
(a) Infra-red waves are also known as heat waves because they raise the temperature of the object on which they fall. They also affect the photographic plate and are readily absorbed by most materials. (b) Electromagnetic waves transport momentum.
How do you study waves?
- Get your basics right. To understand the concepts well, ensure that you have thoroughly studied Waves and Electrodynamics.
- Understand the concepts and sub-topics. Now that you know your basics, start by reading and understanding the topic.
- Practice the numericals.
- Get your doubts solved.
What should I study before electromagnetic waves?
I would recommend you to study optics and then waves. because some of the basic concepts of optics such as wavelength, frequency etc also appear in waves.
What is the frequency range of electromagnetic waves?
Electromagnetic Waves occur with frequencies ranging from 104 to 1024 Hz and have wavelengths from 10–16 to 104 meters. The common feature of all types of electromagnetic waves is that their speed in a vacuum is 3.00 × 108 m/s. Radio waves make up the long wavelength, low-frequency end of the electromagnetic spectrum.
What is the wavelength of electromagnetic waves?
The electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) is the general name given to the known range of electromagnetic radiation. Wavelengths increase from approximately 10-18 m to 100 km, and this corresponds to frequencies decreasing from 3 × 1026 Hz to 3 ×103 Hz.
What is the frequency range of radio waves?
The range of the radio spectrum is considered to be 3 kilohertz up to 300 gigahertz. A radio wave is generated by a transmitter and then detected by a receiver.
What are the 7 uses of electromagnetic waves?
- Radio waves – radio and television.
- Microwaves – satellite communications and cooking food.
- Infrared – Electrical heaters, cooking food and infrared cameras.
- Visible light – Fibre optic communications.
- Ultraviolet – Energy efficient lamps, sun tanning.
- X-rays – Medical imaging and treatments.
What are the 7 types of radiation?
The electromagnetic spectrum is generally divided into seven regions, in order of decreasing wavelength and increasing energy and frequency. The common designations are radio waves, microwaves, infrared (IR), visible light, ultraviolet (UV) light, X-rays and gamma-rays.
What are the 7 types of waves of electromagnetic?
In order from highest to lowest energy, the sections of the EM spectrum are named: gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet radiation, visible light, infrared radiation, and radio waves. Microwaves (like the ones used in microwave ovens) are a subsection of the radio wave segment of the EM spectrum.
What is the speed of electromagnetic waves?
Generally speaking, we say that light travels in waves, and all electromagnetic radiation travels at the same speed which is about 3.0 * 108 meters per second through a vacuum.
What is the shortest wavelength?
Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength and the highest energy among the other waves in the electromagnetic spectrum. The wavelength of the gamma rays is less than 0.01 nanometers. Most of the gamma rays from space are blocked by the Earth’s atmosphere.
What are the 4 properties of a wave?
No matter whether you are talking about vibrations or waves, all of them can be characterized by the following four characteristics: amplitude, wavelength, frequency, and speed. The amplitude of a wave can be described as the maximum distance the molecules are displaced from their starting place .
What is the SI unit of magnetic field?
Magnetic field is denoted by B and H. The SI unit of H is amperes per metre and the SI unit of B is Newtons per metre per ampere or Teslas.
Why light is called electromagnetic wave?
Because electromagnetic waves have fluctuating electric and magnetic fields, they are called electromagnetic waves. The speed of light is the same for all EM energy waves. They always move at the same pace, regardless of their frequency or wavelength. Note: Rays are the routes that light waves move in.
What is the shape of an electromagnetic wave?
While all waves take different shapes, every electromagnetic wave that you’ll encounter has the same S-shaped (sine wave) curve as shown below. These are called transverse waves. You can measure these transverse waves in several ways: By Amplitude.
Who discovered electromagnetic waves?
Heinrich Hertz was a brilliant German physicist and experimentalist who demonstrated that the electromagnetic waves predicted by James Clerk Maxwell actually exist. Hertz is also the man whose peers honored by attaching his name to the unit of frequency; a cycle per second is one hertz.
Is sound electromagnetic?
What vibration does that it pushes medium’s molecules and you can’t push anything when there is no medium and that’s also why density of medium lower the volume of sound. That’s why Sound is a mechanical wave and not an Electromagnetic wave.