The density of a substance is the ratio of the mass of a sample of the substance to its volume. The SI unit for density is the kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3).
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What is density and specific density?
In general, normal values for specific gravity are as follows: 1.005 to 1.030 (normal specific gravity) 1.001 after drinking excessive amounts of water. More than 1.030 after avoiding fluids.
How do you find the specific density?
Is specific density the same as specific gravity?
In general, normal values for specific gravity are as follows: 1.005 to 1.030 (normal specific gravity) 1.001 after drinking excessive amounts of water. More than 1.030 after avoiding fluids.
What is the simple definition of specific gravity?
Definition of specific gravity : the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of some substance (such as pure water) taken as a standard when both densities are obtained by weighing in air.
What is the SI unit for density?
Who discovered density? Density was discovered by a Greek mathematician and engineer named Archimedes. He was born in the city of Syracuse, which was the heart of art, commerce and science, and his father, Phidias, was a mathematician and an astronomer.
What is the difference between density and specific weight?
They are not, however, identical measures. Specific gravity is an expression of density in relation to the density of a standard or reference (usually water). Also, density is expressed in units (weight relative to size) while specific gravity is a pure number or dimensionless.
What is the SI unit of specific volume?
Specific volume is a property of materials, defined as the number of cubic meters occupied by one kilogram of a particular substance. The standard unit is the meter cubed per kilogram (m3/kg or m3ยทkgโ1).
What is relation between specific gravity and density?
Density = Mass / Volume Specific gravity is the density of a substance divided by the density of water. Since (at standard temperature and pressure) water has a density of 1 gram/cm3, and since all of the units cancel, specific gravity is usually very close to the same value as density (but without any units).
What is the symbol of specific volume?
Typically specific volume uses the symbol v. The density of a substance is defined as the mass per unit volume, and it is therefore the reciprocal of the specific volume. Density is designated by the symbol ฯ. Specific volume and density are intensive properties.
What is the relationship between specific volume and density?
The specific volume is the reciprocal of the density of the material, which is the mass per unit volume: r = (1/v) = (m/V). The “Specific Gravity” of a substance is the ratio of its mass to that of an equal volume of water at the same temperature and pressure.
What is the symbol of specific gravity?
In general, normal values for specific gravity are as follows: 1.005 to 1.030 (normal specific gravity) 1.001 after drinking excessive amounts of water. More than 1.030 after avoiding fluids.
Why is it called specific gravity?
Why specific? Because, as you saw before, it is related to mass i.e. to gravity in a way (when you measure a mass on a scale you are actually measuring its gravitational force).
What is specific gravity and its unit?
Specific gravity is defined as a ratio of a density of a fluid to the density of water at 4โC. It has no unit.
Why specific gravity is used?
The specific gravity of soil is important in determining its load-bearing capability. It is also used in determining cement mixtures. Because it is easy to measure the relative density compared to water, it can be used in the field to determine the composition of rocks and gems.
What is specific gravity of water?
Because water at 4 degrees Celsius is the standard scientists use to determine specific gravity, it follows that its specific gravity is 1.
What is specific gravity of liquid?
Specific gravity of a liquid is the “ratio of the density of the liquid – to the density of water at 4oC”.
Why specific gravity is dimensionless?
Explanation: Specific gravity is a dimensionless quantity; that is, it is not expressed in units. To find the sp gr of a solid or liquid, you must know its density in kilograms per meter cubed (kg/m3) or in grams per centimeter cubed (g/cm3).
What are types of density?
- Density, mass per unit volume.
- Area density or surface density, mass over a (two-dimensional) area.
- Linear density, mass over a (one-dimensional) line.
- Relative density or specific gravity, a measure of density in comparison to the density of something else.
What is the symbol of density?
Vegetable oil is lighter than water with a density of about 0.9 gram per cubic centimeter and thus floats on top of the water.
Who Discovered density?
The specific weight, also known as the unit weight, is the weight per unit volume of a material. A commonly used value is the specific weight of water on Earth at 4 ยฐC (39 ยฐF), which is 9.807 kilonewtons per cubic metre or 62.43 pounds-force per cubic foot.
How specific gravity is measured?
Specific gravity is determined by dividing the density of a material by the density of water at 4 degrees Celsius. For the calculation, the density of the material and that of the water must be expressed in the same units.
Why is specific gravity used instead of density?
Specific Gravity of a substance is the ratio of its density with another reference substance. It is a unit-less quantity. Specific gravity is an ambiguous term as gravity has nothing to do with it, hence the term relative density is more often used.
What is the difference between specific gravity and viscosity?
To oversimply further, specific gravity is how heavy the liquid is compared to water. Viscosity is how sticky the liquid is. 1 gallon of water weighs 8.34 pounds, while 1 gallon of a liquid with a 2.0 specific gravity will be 16.68 pounds.
Is specific volume density?
Specific volume is inversely proportional to density . If the density of a substance doubles, its specific volume, as expressed in the same base units, is cut in half. If the density drops to 1/10 its former value, the specific volume, as expressed in the same base units, increases by a factor of 10.