The mass defect can be calculated using equation Δm = [Z(mp + me) + (A – Z)mn] – matom, where: Δm = mass defect [atomic mass unit (amu)]; mp = mass of a proton (1.007277 amu); mn = mass of a neutron (1.008665 amu); me = mass of an electron (0.000548597 amu); matom = mass of nuclide (amu); Z = atomic number (number of …
What is nucleus of an atom Class 12?
The Nucleus of an atom consists of a tightly packed arrangement of protons and neutrons. These are the two heavy particles in an atom and hence 99.9% of the mass is concentrated in the nucleus.
What is nuclear size class 12?
(ii) Mass Number The total number of protons and neutrons present inside the nucleus of an atom of the element is called mass number (A) of the element. (iii) Nuclear Size The radius of the nucleus R ∝ A1/3. ⇒ R = Ro A1/3.
What is size of nucleus?
The diameter of the nucleus is in the range of 1.70 fm (1.70×10−15 m) for hydrogen (the diameter of a single proton) to about 11.7 fm for uranium.
What is nucleus and its types?
A nucleus, as related to genomics, is the membrane-enclosed organelle within a cell that contains the chromosomes. An array of holes, or pores, in the nuclear membrane allows for the selective passage of certain molecules (such as proteins and nucleic acids) into and out of the nucleus.
What is nuclear density formula?
The usual definition of nuclear density gives for its density: ρnucleus = m / V = 238 x 1.66 x 10-27 / (1.73 x 10-42) = 2.3 x 1017kg/m3. Thus, the density of nuclear material is more than 2.1014 times greater than that of water, and it is an immense density.
What is spin of nucleus?
Hydrogen nuclei (protons) have magnetic properties, called nuclear spin. They behave like tiny rotating magnets, represented by vectors. The sum of all the tiny magnetic fields of each spin is called net magnetization or macroscopic magnetization. Normally, the direction of these vectors is randomly distributed.
What is nuclear mass?
Solution : Nuclear mass is the mass of all the nucleons present inside the nucleus and is calculated by `M=ZM_(p)+(A-Z)M_(n)` where `M_(p) and M_(n)` are mass of protons and neutrons respectively .
What is nuclear density class 12?
Solution : The density of a nuclear matter is the ratio of the mass of a nucleus to it. s volume. As volume of a nucleus is directly proportional to it.
What is nuclear fission Class 12?
The process of splitting of a heavy nucleus into two nuclei of comparable size and release of large energy is called fission.
What is nucleons Ncert?
A nucleon is one of the particles of the atomic nucleus. Each atomic nucleus includes one or more Nucleons. These are surrounded by one or more electrons. They occupy a small space within the nucleus.
What is the unit of mass defect?
This missing mass is known as the ‘mass defect’ and it accounts for the energy released. The mass defect (𝚫M) can be calculated by subtracting the original atomic mass (MA) from the sum of the mass of protons (mp= 1.00728 amu) and neutrons (mn= 1.00867 amu) present in the nucleus.
What causes binding energy?
The electron binding energy derives from the electromagnetic interaction of the electron with the nucleus and the other electrons of the atom, molecule or solid and is mediated by photons.
What is the shape of nucleus?
Shape of the Nucleus: It varies widely, from spherical for doubly magic nuclei to ellipsoidal and sometimes pear shapes.
Who discovered atom?
John Dalton (1766-1844), a great chemist, really started the modern atomic hypothesis. His atom however was like a solid billiard ball.
What is atomic number called?
The atomic number or nuclear charge number (symbol Z) of a chemical element is the charge number of an atomic nucleus. For ordinary nuclei, this is equal to the proton number (np) or the number of protons found in the nucleus for every atom of that element.
What is a function of nucleus?
The primary functions of the nucleus are to store the cell’s DNA, maintain its integrity, and facilitate its transcription and replication.
What are the 4 parts of the nucleus?
The cell nucleus consists of a nuclear membrane, called the nuclear envelope, nucleoplasm, nucleolus, and chromosomes. Nucleoplasm, also called karyoplasm, is the matrix present inside the nucleus. The nuclear membrane separates the constituents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm.
What is an example of nucleus?
An example of a nucleus is the center core of an atom. An example of a nucleus is the fiction department of a book publisher where most of the money is made and which is considered the heart of the publisher’s organization.
Is nucleus positively charged?
An atom consists of a positively charged nucleus, surrounded by one or more negatively charged particles called electrons. The positive charges equal the negative charges, so the atom has no overall charge; it is electrically neutral.
How heavy is a nucleus?
The density (mass/volume) of a nucleus is extremely high: about 2.3 × 1017 kg/m3 (according to ).
Are nuclei positively charged?
In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that at the core of every atom is a nucleus. Atomic nuclei consist of electrically positive protons and electrically neutral neutrons. These are held together by the strongest known fundamental force, called the strong force.
What is nuclear g factor?
The g-factor is a dimensionless factor associated to the nuclear magnetic moment. This parameter contains the sign of the nuclear magnetic moment, which is very important in nuclear structure since it provides information about which type of nucleon (proton or neutron) is dominating over the nuclear wave function.
What makes a nucleus magnetic?
The magnetic characteristic of an individual nucleus is determined by its neutron-proton composition. Only certain nuclides with an odd number of neutrons and protons are magnetic.
Do neutrons spin?
It’s an intrinsic angular momentum associated with particles. Every photon has spin 1; every proton, and every neutron, has spin 1/2.